171 Turkey
Red with a vertical white crescent moon (the closed portion is toward the hoist side) and white five-pointed star centered just outside the crescent opening. The flag colors and designs closely resemble those on the banner of the Ottoman Empire, which preceded modern-day Turkey. The crescent moon and star serve as insignia for Turkic peoples. According to one interpretation, the flag represents the reflection of the moon and a star in a pool of blood of Turkish warriors.
Flag courtesy of the CIA World Factbook
Map courtesy of the CIA World Factbook
Image of the goddess Nike (Victory) in Ephesus, an important Greek and later Roman city in Asia Minor. Its fortunes declined because of invasions, earthquakes, and the silting up of its harbor. It was abandoned in the 15th century.
Photo courtesy of the CIA World Factbook
Government
According to Britannica, following a period of authoritarian one-party rule under the first president of the republic, Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk; 1923–38), and his successor, İsmet İnönü (1938–50), multiparty democracy was instituted in 1950. Parliamentary democracy has for the most part remained in force since that date, although it has been interrupted by brief periods of military government at times when civilian rule was perceived as ineffective. After each military interlude (1960–61, 1971–73, 1980–83), power was returned to civilian hands under a revised constitution.
Under the current constitution, approved by national referendum in 1982 and amended several times since, the main legislative body is a 600-member parliament, the Grand National Assembly (Büyük Millet Meclisi), elected by universal adult suffrage for a five-year term. Members are chosen by a modified system of proportional representation based on political parties. There are a number of restrictions: extremist parties of both left and right are banned, and no party that obtains less than 10 percent of the national vote may be represented in the parliament. Though religion had been largely discouraged from appearing in the political sphere, the role of Islamist parties in Turkish politics expanded in the 1990s and 2000s.
Executive power was originally divided between the prime minister as head of government and the president as head of state. However, in a constitutional referendum in 2017 a majority of voters favored abolishing the office of prime minister and expanding the role of president, changes that were to take effect after the 2018 elections. Originally, the president was able to call or dissolve parliament, return legislation to the parliament for reconsideration, refer laws to the constitutional court, declare a state of emergency for up to three months, and submit proposed constitutional changes to a popular referendum. The changes resulting from the 2017 referendum, which went into effect in July 2018, also allow the president to appoint a cabinet, form and regulate ministries, declare a state of emergency for up to six months, and draft the budget.
Before the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, Turkish civil law was linked to religion and was administered by Sharīʿah courts. With the reforms of 1926, a number of new legal codes were established based in part on the Swiss Civil and Italian penal codes. Following these changes, the independence of the judiciary, including the constitutional court and the courts responsible for criminal, civil, and administrative matters, has been ensured by the constitution. A number of superior courts, including a court of appeals, also exist to examine these rulings.
Turkey’s provinces are administered by governors, who are appointed by the Council of Ministers, subject to the approval of the president. Provinces are divided into districts and subdistricts. Villages are governed by a headman and a council of elders, both elected by the village residents.
Civil / National Aviation Authority (CAA/NAA)
The Civil Aviation Department, which was founded within the organization of the Ministry of Transport in 1954 in order to protect Turkey’s national interests and to carry out and supervise their international relations on a regular basis upon the rapid development of World Civil Aviation and the significant progress in the technology, was reorganized as Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) in 1987 in accordance with the then current conditions. The DGCA, the Main Service Division of the Ministry of Transport until November 18, 2005, achieved its autonomy financially through the Law Nr. 5431 on Organization and Duties of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation, coming into effect on the mentioned date, and reached its current managerial structure. Today, the aviation operations, performed in Turkey, are carried out in accordance with the Turkish Civil Aviation Act Nr. 2920 and the Administrative and Technical Regulations issued accordingly and the Aviation Instructions.
Airspace
SkyVector – Google Maps – ADS-B Exchange
ICAO countries publish an Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP). This document is divided into three parts: General (GEN), En Route (ENR) and Aerodromes (AD). ENR 1.4 details the types of airspace classes they chose to adopt from classes A through G. Turkey AIP
Drone Regulations
According to the SHT-UAV Instruction, 500 Gr. Individuals or commercial establishments with higher-up UAVs are required to register their UAVs through this system and fly by obtaining permission over the system.
Individual users can perform their transactions according to the steps described in the Individual Transactions tab, Business Organizations Commercial Transactions tab.
To see explanations on a transaction basis, select the transaction you want to perform under the relevant tab:
Individual Transactions (Sports – amateur production, buying – selling and flights)
- I want to record UAV buying and selling transactions. (Individual)
- I built a drone. I want to save. (Individual)
- I bought a UAV from abroad. I want to save. (Individual)
- I bought a drone. I want to fly. (Individual)
- I have a registered UAV. I want to fly. (Individual)
Click for all individual registration explanations
Commercial Transactions (All civil public institutions and all companies engaged in production, import, purchase and sale and flights for commercial purposes)
I want to record UAV buying and selling transactions.
The following are the procedures you will follow to record UAV buying and selling transactions:
1. Sign up
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
First of all, enter the information requested on the screen shown in the first picture to be used in the transactions you will make on the system and confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use.
Once you click the register button, your registration will be completed.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
2. Purchased UAV registration
If you have purchased a UAV from a person or from a store (including online shopping), you must register on the Purchased UAV Registration page, which is displayed in the first picture.
In order for the UAV to be displayed on the page, the company selling the UAV must make a sales record.
Reminder: If you cannot view the UAV you purchased on this page, please contact your dealer.
If the UAV you purchased is displayed as shown in the picture, it means that the seller company has completed the sales registration.
On the page that opens when you click on the UAV, mark your purchase purpose and confirm the purchase.
If you bought the UAV to sell it to someone else, you complete your registration with this confirmation.
You must approve the sales records made to you within 3 days within the framework of the relevant Law.
You can view the status of your UAV and perform actions related to your UAV from the My Information / My UAVs page.
Reminder: You have to scrap your unusable vehicle. You can do the scrapping on the My Information / Company Information / My UAVs – Company UAVs page.
3. UAV sales record
Individual users can register their UAV sales on the “UAV Sales Record” page.
In order for the sales record to be carried out properly, make sure that the TR ID number for individuals and the tax number for companies are entered correctly.
The person who purchased the UAV does not need to be registered in the system while registering. First, the sales record can be entered.
The person who purchased the UAV can confirm the purchase on the “Register Purchased UAV” page when registered in the system.
Reminding: Companies selling UAVs in the country have to register the sales of UAVs with a maximum take-off weight of 500gr and above in the UAV Registration System on the same day.
I built a drone. I want to save.
Here are the procedures you will follow to register the UAV you have produced:
1. Sign up
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
First of all, enter the information requested on the screen shown in the first picture to be used in the transactions you will make on the system and confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use.
Once you click the register button, your registration will be completed.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
2. Production record
If you have produced a UAV, you must register on the UAV Production and Import Registration page, which is shown in the picture.
Reminder: It is mandatory to enter a serial number specific to the UAV you produce during registration.
This process is subject to SHGM approval. After registration, you can follow the approval status of the UAV on the My Information / My UAVs or Company Information / Company UAVs page.
I bought a UAV from abroad. I want to save.
The procedures to follow to register the UAV you bought abroad are given below:
1. Sign up
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
First of all, enter the information requested on the screen shown in the first picture to be used in the transactions you will make on the system and confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use.
Once you click the register button, your registration will be completed.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
2. Registration of import from abroad
You must register your UAV brought from abroad on the UAV Production and Import Registration page, which is shown in the picture.
Bringing from abroad is divided into two in the system as travel and customs.
If you brought it during a trip, you should click on the first option, if you bought it via courier, click on the second option and follow the next steps.
This process is subject to SHGM approval. After registration, you can follow the approval status of the UAV on the My Information / My UAVs or Company Information / Company UAVs page.
I bought a drone. I want to fly for sportive and amateur purposes.
The steps to follow to fly the UAV you have purchased are given below:
1. Sign up
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
First of all, enter the information requested on the screen shown in the first picture to be used in the transactions you will make on the system and confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use.
Once you click the register button, your registration will be completed.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
2. Pilot registration
Pilot registration is an individual process. According to the Turkish civil aviation rules, anyone using a UAV weighing more than 500 grams must be registered in this system.
Select the type of UAV you want to use before the screen shown in the first picture given.
Upload the required documents and press the send to DGCA approval button. If you are a UAV0 and UAV1 user, a registration number will be given automatically.
It will be sufficient for UHA2 and UHA3 users to upload scanned versions of their licenses, enter their license numbers and expiry dates.
You can follow the approval status of your application on the My Information / Piloting Authorizations page.
UAV Pilot Registration Application
Reminder: The training requirements for the use of UAVs weighing over 500g are given below:
| UAV Type | Description |
|
Lesson Hours | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UAV0 | 500 gr (included) to 4 kg | no | There is | 12 | ||||
| UAV1 | From 4 kg (included) to 25 kg | no | There is | 36 | ||||
Click here for the list of institutions authorized to provide training.
Reminding: The piloting authorizations of individual users will be automatically assigned to their vehicles.
If someone else will use your UAV for any reason, you must change the defined pilot by entering the TR ID number in the relevant data box.
The pilot you will appoint must be registered in the system and his registration must be approved by the DGCA. Associating the pilot with the vehicle takes place after the pilot approves the assignment from the Personal / My Information / Companies I am a pilot page.
Reminding: Commercial enterprises cannot directly enroll pilots. However, they can add a registered pilot to their company. Adding a pilot to a commercial enterprise must be approved by the pilot added to the company from the Personal / My Information / Companies I am a pilot screen.
3. Purchased UAV registration
If you have purchased a UAV from a person or from a store (including online shopping), you must register on the Purchased UAV Registration page, which is displayed in the first picture.
In order for the UAV to be displayed on the page, the company selling the UAV must make a sales record.
Reminder: If you cannot view the UAV you purchased on this page, please contact your dealer.
If the UAV you purchased is displayed as shown in the picture, it means that the seller company has completed the sales registration.
On the page that opens when you click on the UAV, mark your purchase purpose and confirm the purchase.
If you bought the UAV to sell it to someone else, you complete your registration with this confirmation.
You can view the status of your UAV and perform actions related to your UAV from the My Information / My UAVs page.
Reminder: You have to scrap your unusable vehicle. You can do the scrapping on the My Information / Company Information / My UAVs – Company UAVs page.
4. To use UAV
You can make a UAV ready for flight with the “I want to use it” option that you are purchasing or that you have registered for sale.
When you select this option, you will see 3 steps: editing the UAV, uploading photos and defining the pilot.
In the 1st step, you enter the color information of the UAV and the description of the UAV, if any, in the
2nd step, you upload the image of the UAV from 4 directions to the system.
With step 3, you assign yourself or another pilot registered in the system, who is authorized to use the UAV you want to fly, to the UAV as a defined pilot.
When the first two steps are completed, the UAV can be sent to DGCA for approval. It is not mandatory to define a pilot at this stage. However, the QR code does not occur before the pilot is identified, and therefore the UAV is not ready for flight.
When the UAV is approved by the DGCA, the system creates a QR code for the UAV and the confirmation of the UAV is sent to you via e-mail.
By pressing the edit button on the UAV, step 4, which is the QR code download step, is displayed.
After this step, it is necessary to download and print the QR code on your computer and paste it securely on a flat surface of the UAV.
When the QR code sticks, your UAV is ready to fly.
Reminder: The approval status of the UAV is tracked on the My UAVs – Company UAVs page.
Reminder: It is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly in no-fly and residential areas, crowded or overcrowded areas.
A flight permit is required for all flights with UAVs registered in the system for commercial flights.
If you think it is necessary to obtain a flight permit, read the following article carefully.
5. Request for flight permit
In all regions other than the free zone (green), it is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly a UAV.
The permit application page can be accessed from the My UAVs and Request Flight Permit pages in the system.
Select the UAV for which you will request a flight permit and fill in the required information on the page completely.
You can track the approval status of your flight permit requests on the My Information / My Flight Permit Requests page.
Reminder: Civil administrations may declare a flight ban in certain regions for safety reasons at various times. Please investigate whether there is a flight ban imposed by the civil administration in the region where you will fly the UAV.
I built a drone. I want to save.
Here are the procedures you will follow to register the UAV you have produced:
1. Sign up
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
First of all, enter the information requested on the screen shown in the first picture to be used in the transactions you will make on the system and confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use.
Once you click the register button, your registration will be completed.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
2. Production record
If you have produced a UAV, you must register on the UAV Production and Import Registration page, which is shown in the picture.
Reminder: It is mandatory to enter a serial number specific to the UAV you produce during registration.
This process is subject to SHGM approval. After registration, you can follow the approval status of the UAV on the My Information / My UAVs or Company Information / Company UAVs page.
I have a registered UAV. I want to fly for sportive and amateur purposes.
Here are the steps to follow to fly your registered UAV:
1. Pilot registration
Pilot registration is an individual process. According to the Turkish civil aviation rules, anyone using a UAV weighing more than 500 grams must be registered in this system.
Select the type of UAV you want to use before the screen shown in the first picture given.
Upload the required documents and press the send to DGCA approval button. If you are a UAV0 and UAV1 user, a registration number will be given automatically.
It will be sufficient for UHA2 and UHA3 users to upload scanned versions of their licenses, enter their license numbers and expiry dates.
You can follow the approval status of your application on the My Information / Piloting Authorizations page.
UAV Pilot Registration Application
Reminder: The training requirements for the use of UAVs weighing over 500g are given below:
| UAV Type | Description |
|
Lesson Hours | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UAV0 | 500 gr (included) to 4 kg | no | There is | 12 | ||||
| UAV1 | From 4 kg (included) to 25 kg | no | There is | 36 | ||||
Click the list of institutions authorized to provide training.
Reminding: The piloting authorizations of individual users will be automatically assigned to their vehicles.
If someone else will use your UAV for any reason, you must change the defined pilot by entering the TR ID number in the relevant data box.
The pilot you will appoint must be registered in the system and his registration must be approved by the DGCA. Associating the pilot with the vehicle takes place after the pilot approves the assignment from the Personal / My Information / Companies I am a pilot page.
Reminding: Commercial enterprises cannot directly enroll pilots. However, they can add a registered pilot to their company. Adding a pilot to a commercial enterprise must be approved by the pilot added to the company from the Personal / My Information / Companies I am a pilot screen.
2. To use UAV
You can make a UAV ready for flight with the “I want to use it” option that you are purchasing or that you have registered for sale.
When you select this option, you will see 3 steps: editing the UAV, uploading photos and defining the pilot.
In the 1st step, you enter the color information of the UAV and the description of the UAV, if any, in the
2nd step, you upload the image of the UAV from 4 directions to the system.
With step 3, you assign yourself or another pilot registered in the system, who is authorized to use the UAV you want to fly, to the UAV as a defined pilot.
When the first two steps are completed, the UAV can be sent to DGCA for approval. It is not mandatory to define a pilot at this stage. However, the QR code does not occur before the pilot is identified, and therefore the UAV is not ready for flight.
When the UAV is approved by the DGCA, the system creates a QR code for the UAV and the confirmation of the UAV is sent to you via e-mail.
By pressing the edit button on the UAV, step 4, which is the QR code download step, is displayed.
After this step, it is necessary to download and print the QR code on your computer and paste it securely on a flat surface of the UAV.
When the QR code sticks, your UAV is ready to fly.
Reminder: The approval status of the UAV is tracked on the My UAVs – Company UAVs page.
Reminder: In all regions outside the free zone (green), it is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly a UAV.
A flight permit is required for all flights with UAVs registered in the system for commercial flights.
If you think it is necessary to obtain a flight permit, read the following article carefully.
3. Request for flight permit
It is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly in no-fly and residential areas, crowded or overcrowded areas.
The permit application page can be accessed from the My UAVs and Request Flight Permit pages in the system.
Select the UAV for which you will request a flight permit and fill in the required information on the page completely.
You can track the approval status of your flight permit requests on the My Information / My Flight Permit Requests page.
Reminder: Civil administrations may declare a flight ban in certain regions for safety reasons at various times. Please investigate whether there is a flight ban imposed by the civil administration in the region where you will fly the UAV.
I bought the UAV. I want to make a commercial flight.
The procedures you will follow to make a commercial flight with the UAV you have purchased are given below:
1. Sign up
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
For commercial registration, first select the commercial user from the registration type selection.
If you have registered as an individual before, your information will come automatically when you enter your TR ID number by ticking the option “User name and password is available”.
If you have not created a user before, first enter the individual information shown in the picture and then the information of the company on which you will act.
Your registration will be completed when you confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use and click the Register button.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
Reminding: The person who creates the record of a company for the first time is defined as the authorized manager of that company.
This person can add and authorize other employees to the company with managerial authority.
Please evaluate whether you have the authority to act on behalf of the relevant company when making a commercial registration and the legal consequences of this.
2. Adding a pilot
In order to add a pilot to a commercial enterprise, the relevant pilot must first be registered in the system as a pilot and this registration must be approved by the DGCA.
Pilot registration is an individual process. According to the Turkish civil aviation rules, anyone using a UAV weighing more than 500 grams must be registered in this system.
Before the screen shown in the first picture given, the type of UAV to be used must be selected.
Required documents should be uploaded and the send to DGCA approval button should be pressed. UAV0 and UAV1 users will be automatically given a registration number.
Submit for SHGM approval
Training requirements for the use of UAVs weighing over 500 g are given below:
| UAV Type | Description |
|
Lesson Hours | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UAV0 | 500 gr (included) to 4 kg | no | There is | 12 | ||||
| UAV1 | From 4 kg (included) to 25 kg | no | There is | 36 | ||||
Click here for the list of institutions authorized to provide training.
It will be sufficient for UHA2 and UHA3 users to upload scanned versions of their licenses, enter their license numbers and expiry dates.
The approval status of the applications can be followed on the Personal / My Information / Piloting Authorizations page.
After completing the pilot registration, you can add a registered pilot to your company from the screen indicated in the second picture.
In order to complete the process of adding a pilot to the commercial enterprise, the application must also be approved by the pilot added to the company from the Personal / My Information / Companies I am a pilot screen.
3. Purchased UAV registration
If you have purchased a UAV from a person or from a store (including online shopping), you must register on the Purchased UAV Registration page, which is displayed in the first picture.
In order for the UAV to be displayed on the page, the company selling the UAV must make a sales record.
Reminder: If you cannot view the UAV you purchased on this page, please contact your dealer.
If the UAV you purchased is displayed as shown in the picture, it means that the seller company has completed the sales registration.
On the page that opens when you click on the UAV, mark your purchase purpose and confirm the purchase.
If you bought the UAV for the purpose of selling it to someone else, you have completed your registration.
You can view the status of your UAV and perform actions related to your UAV from the My Information- Company Information / My UAVs- Company UAVs page.
4. To use UAV
You can make a UAV ready for flight with the “I want to use it” option that you are purchasing or that you have registered for sale.
When you select this option, you will see 3 steps: editing the UAV, uploading photos and defining the pilot.
In the 1st step, you enter the color information of the UAV and the description of the UAV, if any, in the
2nd step, you upload the image of the UAV from 4 directions to the system.
With step 3, you assign yourself or another pilot registered in the system, who is authorized to use the UAV you want to fly, to the UAV as a defined pilot.
When the first two steps are completed, the UAV can be sent to DGCA for approval. It is not mandatory to define a pilot at this stage. However, the QR code does not occur before the pilot is identified, and therefore the UAV is not ready for flight.
When the UAV is approved by the DGCA, the system creates a QR code for the UAV and the confirmation of the UAV is sent to you via e-mail.
By pressing the edit button on the UAV, step 4, which is the QR code download step, is displayed.
After this step, it is necessary to download and print the QR code on your computer and paste it securely on a flat surface of the UAV.
When the QR code sticks, your UAV is ready to fly.
Reminder: The approval status of the UAV is tracked on the My UAVs – Company UAVs page.
Reminder: It is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly in no-fly and residential areas, crowded or overcrowded areas.
A flight permit is required for all flights with UAVs registered in the system for commercial flights.
If you think it is necessary to obtain a flight permit, read the following article carefully.
5. Request for flight permit
It is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly in no-fly and residential areas, crowded or overcrowded areas.
The permit application page can be accessed from the My UAVs and Request Flight Permit pages in the system.
Select the UAV for which you will request a flight permit and fill in the required information on the page completely.
You can track the approval status of your flight permit requests on the My Information / My Flight Permit Requests page.
Reminder: Civil administrations may declare a flight ban in certain regions for safety reasons at various times. Please investigate whether there is a flight ban imposed by the civil administration in the region where you will fly the UAV.
I am a manufacturer – importer company representative. I want to record production – buying – selling transactions.
The procedures you will follow as a manufacturer company representative are given below:
1. Sign up!
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
First of all, enter the information requested on the screen shown in the first picture to be used in the transactions you will make on the system and confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use.
Once you click the register button, your registration will be completed.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
2. Production and Import
If you have manufactured or imported a UAV, you must register on the UAV Production and Import Registration page, which is shown in the picture.
This process is subject to SHGM approval. After registration, you can follow the approval status of the UAV on the My Information / My UAVs or Company Information / Company UAVs page.
3. Purchased UAV registration
If you have purchased a UAV, you must register from the Purchased UAV Registration page, which is displayed in the first picture.
In order for the UAV to be displayed on the page, the company that sold the UAV to you must make a sales record.
Reminder: If you cannot view the UAV you purchased on this page, please contact your dealer.
If the UAV you purchased is displayed as shown in the picture, it means that the seller company has completed the sales registration.
On the page that opens when you click on the UAV, mark your purchase purpose and confirm the purchase.
If you bought the UAV for the purpose of selling, you complete your registration with this confirmation.
You can view the status of your UAV and perform actions related to your UAV on the My Company Information / My Company UAVs page.
Reminder: You have to scrap your unusable vehicle. You can do the scrapping on the My Information / Company Information / My UAVs – Company UAVs page.
4. UAV sales record
Commercial users can register their UAV sales from the “UAV Sales Record” page.
In order for the sales record to be carried out properly, make sure that the TR ID number for individuals and the tax number for companies are entered correctly.
The person who purchased the UAV does not need to be registered in the system while registering. First, the sales record can be entered.
The person who purchased the UAV can confirm the purchase on the “Register Purchased UAV” page when registered in the system.
Reminding:
Companies selling UAVs in the country have to register the sales of UAVs with a maximum take-off weight of 500gr and above in the UAV Registration System on the same day.
I am a Retail UAV Dealer. I want to record my buying and selling transactions.
Here are the procedures to follow to register the UAVs you have bought and sold:
1. Sign up!
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
First of all, enter the information requested on the screen shown in the first picture to be used in the transactions you will make on the system and confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use.
Once you click the register button, your registration will be completed.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
2. Purchased UAV registration
If you have purchased a UAV from a person or from a store (including online shopping), you must register on the Purchased UAV Registration page, which is displayed in the first picture.
In order for the UAV to be displayed on the page, the company selling the UAV must make a sales record.
Reminder: If you cannot view the UAV you purchased on this page, please contact your dealer.
If the UAV you purchased is displayed as shown in the picture, it means that the seller company has completed the sales registration.
On the page that opens when you click on the UAV, mark your purchase purpose and confirm the purchase.
If you bought the UAV to sell it to someone else, you complete your registration with this confirmation.
You can view the status of your UAV and perform actions related to your UAV from the My Information / My UAVs page.
3. UAV sales record
Commercial users can register their UAV sales from the “UAV Sales Record” page.
In order for the sales record to be carried out properly, make sure that the TR ID number for individuals and the tax number for companies are entered correctly.
The person who purchased the UAV does not need to be registered in the system while registering. First, the sales record can be entered.
The person who purchased the UAV can confirm the purchase on the “Register Purchased UAV” page when registered in the system.
Reminding:
Companies selling UAVs in the country have to register the sales of UAVs with a maximum take-off weight of 500gr and above in the UAV Registration System on the same day.
INDIVIDUAL REGISTRATION DISCLOSURES
1. Sign up
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
First of all, enter the information requested on the screen shown in the first picture to be used in the transactions you will make on the system and confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use.
Once you click the register button, your registration will be completed.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
2. Purchased UAV registration
If you have purchased a UAV from a person or from a store (including online shopping), you must register on the Purchased UAV Registration page, which is displayed in the first picture.
In order for the UAV to be displayed on the page, the company selling the UAV must make a sales record.
Reminder: If you cannot view the UAV you purchased on this page, please contact your dealer.
If the UAV you purchased is displayed as shown in the picture, it means that the seller company has completed the sales registration.
On the page that opens when you click on the UAV, mark your purchase purpose and confirm the purchase.
If you bought the UAV to sell it to someone else, you complete your registration with this confirmation.
You can view the status of your UAV and perform actions related to your UAV from the My Information / My UAVs page.
Reminder: You have to scrap your unusable vehicle. You can do the scrapping on the My Information / Company Information / My UAVs – Company UAVs page.
3. UAV sales record
Individual users can register their UAV sales on the “UAV Sales Record” page.
In order for the sales record to be carried out properly, make sure that the TR ID number for individuals and the tax number for companies are entered correctly.
The person who purchased the UAV does not need to be registered in the system while registering. First, the sales record can be entered.
The person who purchased the UAV can confirm the purchase on the “Register Purchased UAV” page when registered in the system.
Reminding:
Companies selling UAVs in the country have to register the sales of UAVs with a maximum take-off weight of 500gr and above in the UAV Registration System on the same day.
4. Production record
If you have produced a UAV, you must register on the UAV Production and Import Registration page, which is shown in the picture.
Reminder: It is mandatory to enter a serial number specific to the UAV you produce during registration.
This process is subject to SHGM approval. After registration, you can follow the approval status of the UAV on the My Information / My UAVs or Company Information / Company UAVs page.
5. Registration of importation from abroad
You must register your UAV brought from abroad on the UAV Production and Import Registration page, which is shown in the picture.
Bringing from abroad is divided into two in the system as travel and customs.
If you brought it during a trip, you should click on the first option, if you bought it via courier, click on the second option and follow the next steps.
This process is subject to SHGM approval. After registration, you can follow the approval status of the UAV on the My Information / My UAVs or Company Information / Company UAVs page.
6. Pilot registration
Pilot registration is an individual process. According to the Turkish civil aviation rules, anyone using a UAV weighing more than 500 grams must be registered in this system.
Select the type of UAV you want to use before the screen shown in the first picture given.
Upload the required documents and press the send to DGCA approval button. If you are a UAV0 and UAV1 user, a registration number will be given automatically.
It will be sufficient for UHA2 and UHA3 users to upload scanned versions of their licenses, enter their license numbers and expiry dates.
You can follow the approval status of your application on the My Information / Piloting Authorizations page.
UAV Pilot Registration Application
Reminding:
Training requirements for the use of UAVs weighing over 500 g are given below:
| UAV Type | Description |
|
Lesson Hours | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UAV0 | 500 gr (included) to 4 kg | no | There is | 12 | ||||
| UAV1 | From 4 kg (included) to 25 kg | no | There is | 36 | ||||
Click here for the list of institutions authorized to provide training.
Reminding:
The piloting authorizations of individual users will be automatically assigned to their vehicles.
If someone else will use your UAV for any reason, you must change the defined pilot by entering the TR ID number in the relevant data box.
The pilot you will appoint must be registered in the system and his registration must be approved by the DGCA. Associating the pilot with the vehicle takes place after the pilot approves the assignment from the Personal / My Information / Companies I am a pilot page.
Reminding:
Commercial enterprises cannot directly enroll pilots. However, they can add a registered pilot to their company. Adding a pilot to a commercial enterprise must be approved by the pilot added to the company from the Personal / My Information / Companies I am a pilot screen.
7. To use UAV
You can make a UAV ready for flight with the “I want to use it” option that you are purchasing or that you have registered for sale.
When you select this option, you will see 3 steps: editing the UAV, uploading photos and defining the pilot.
In the 1st step, you enter the color information of the UAV and the description of the UAV, if any, in the
2nd step, you upload the image of the UAV from 4 directions to the system.
With step 3, you assign yourself or another pilot registered in the system, who is authorized to use the UAV you want to fly, to the UAV as a defined pilot.
When the first two steps are completed, the UAV can be sent to DGCA for approval. It is not mandatory to define a pilot at this stage. However, the QR code does not occur before the pilot is identified, and therefore the UAV is not ready for flight.
When the UAV is approved by the DGCA, the system creates a QR code for the UAV and the confirmation of the UAV is sent to you via e-mail.
By pressing the edit button on the UAV, step 4, which is the QR code download step, is displayed.
After this step, it is necessary to download and print the QR code on your computer and paste it securely on a flat surface of the UAV.
When the QR code sticks, your UAV is ready to fly.
Reminder: The approval status of the UAV is tracked on the My UAVs – Company UAVs page.
Reminder: It is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly in no-fly and residential areas, crowded or overcrowded areas.
A flight permit is required for all flights with UAVs registered in the system for commercial flights.
If you think it is necessary to obtain a flight permit, read the following article carefully.
8. Request for flight permit
It is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly in no-fly and residential areas, crowded or overcrowded areas.
The permit application page can be accessed from the My UAVs and Request Flight Permit pages in the system.
Select the UAV for which you will request a flight permit and fill in the required information on the page completely.
You can track the approval status of your flight permit requests on the My Information / My Flight Permit Requests page.
Reminder: Civil administrations may declare a flight ban in certain regions for safety reasons at various times. Please investigate whether there is a flight ban imposed by the civil administration in the region where you will fly the UAV.
COMMERCIAL REGISTRATION DISCLOSURES
1. Sign up
The rules for flying a UAV vary depending on the weight of your UAV and the reason for using it.
However, registration is required for all transactions.
If your UAV weighs 500 grams or more, you must register with this system.
For commercial registration, first select the commercial user from the registration type selection.
If you have registered as an individual before, your information will come automatically when you enter your TR ID number by ticking the option “User name and password is available”.
If you have not created a user before, first enter the individual information shown in the picture and then the information of the company on which you will act.
Your registration will be completed when you confirm the undertaking that you accept the terms of use and click the Register button.
You can log in to the system by clicking Login with the password you have defined.
Reminding:
The person who creates the record of a company for the first time is defined as the authorized manager of that company.
This person can add and authorize other employees to the company with managerial authority.
Please evaluate whether you have the authority to act on behalf of the relevant company when making a commercial registration and the legal consequences of this.
2. Purchased UAV registration
If you have purchased a UAV from a person or from a store (including online shopping), you must register on the Purchased UAV Registration page, which is displayed in the first picture.
In order for the UAV to be displayed on the page, the company selling the UAV must make a sales record.
Reminder: If you cannot view the UAV you purchased on this page, please contact your dealer.
If the UAV you purchased is displayed as shown in the picture, it means that the seller company has completed the sales registration.
On the page that opens when you click on the UAV, mark your purchase purpose and confirm the purchase.
If you bought the UAV for the purpose of selling it to someone else, you have completed your registration.
You can view the status of your UAV and perform actions related to your UAV from the My Information- Company Information / My UAVs- Company UAVs page.
3. UAV sales record
Commercial users can register their UAV sales from the “UAV Sales Record” page.
In order for the sales record to be carried out properly, make sure that the TR ID number for individuals and the tax number for companies are entered correctly.
The person who purchased the UAV does not need to be registered in the system while registering. First, the sales record can be entered.
The person who purchased the UAV can confirm the purchase on the “Register Purchased UAV” page when registered in the system.
Reminding:
Companies selling UAVs in the country have to register the sales of UAVs with a maximum take-off weight of 500gr and above in the UAV Registration System on the same day.
4. Production and import registration
If you have produced a UAV, you must register on the UAV Production and Import Registration page, which is shown in the picture.
If you have manufactured or imported a UAV, you must register on the UAV Production and Import Registration page, which is shown in the picture.
This process is subject to SHGM approval. After registration, you can follow the approval status of the UAV on the My Information / My UAVs or Company Information / Company UAVs page.
5. Adding a pilot
In order to add a pilot to a commercial enterprise, the relevant pilot must first be registered in the system as a pilot and this registration must be approved by the DGCA.
Pilot registration is an individual process. According to the Turkish civil aviation rules, anyone using a UAV weighing more than 500 grams must be registered in this system.
Before the screen shown in the first picture given, the type of UAV to be used must be selected.
Required documents should be uploaded and the send to DGCA approval button should be pressed. UAV0 and UAV1 users will be automatically given a registration number.
Submit for SHGM approval
Training requirements for the use of UAVs weighing over 500 g are given below:
| UAV Type | Description |
|
Lesson Hours | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UAV0 | 500 gr (included) to 4 kg | no | There is | 12 | ||||
| UAV1 | From 4 kg (included) to 25 kg | no | There is | 36 | ||||
Click here for the list of institutions authorized to provide training.
It will be sufficient for UHA2 and UHA3 users to upload scanned versions of their licenses, enter their license numbers and expiry dates.
The approval status of the applications can be followed on the Personal / My Information / Piloting Authorizations page.
After completing the pilot registration, you can add a registered pilot to your company from the screen indicated in the second picture.
In order to complete the process of adding a pilot to the commercial enterprise, the application must also be approved by the pilot added to the company from the Personal / My Information / Companies I am a pilot screen.
6. To use UAV
You can make a UAV ready for flight with the “I want to use it” option that you are purchasing or that you have registered for sale.
When you select this option, you will see 3 steps: editing the UAV, uploading photos and defining the pilot.
In the 1st step, you enter the color information of the UAV and the description of the UAV, if any, in the
2nd step, you upload the image of the UAV from 4 directions to the system.
With step 3, you assign yourself or another pilot registered in the system, who is authorized to use the UAV you want to fly, to the UAV as a defined pilot.
When the first two steps are completed, the UAV can be sent to DGCA for approval. It is not mandatory to define a pilot at this stage. However, the QR code does not occur before the pilot is identified, and therefore the UAV is not ready for flight.
When the UAV is approved by the DGCA, the system creates a QR code for the UAV and the confirmation of the UAV is sent to you via e-mail.
By pressing the edit button on the UAV, step 4, which is the QR code download step, is displayed.
After this step, it is necessary to download and print the QR code on your computer and paste it securely on a flat surface of the UAV.
When the QR code sticks, your UAV is ready to fly.
Reminder: The approval status of the UAV is tracked on the My UAVs – Company UAVs page.
Reminder: It is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly in no-fly and residential areas, crowded or overcrowded areas.
A flight permit is required for all flights with UAVs registered in the system for commercial flights.
If you think it is necessary to obtain a flight permit, read the following article carefully.
7. Request for flight permit
It is obligatory to obtain a flight permit to fly in no-fly and residential areas, crowded or overcrowded areas.
The permit application page can be accessed from the My UAVs and Request Flight Permit pages in the system.
Select the UAV for which you will request a flight permit and fill in the required information on the page completely.
You can track the approval status of your flight permit requests on the My Information / My Flight Permit Requests page.
Reminder: Civil administrations may declare a flight ban in certain regions for safety reasons at various times. Please investigate whether there is a flight ban imposed by the civil administration in the region where you will fly the UAV.
Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)
Short Essay Questions
Question 1
You have been hired by a Drone Startup Company. Your boss has immediately assigned this job to you.
They need you to prepare a one-page memo detailing the legalities of using a drone to film tin Ephesus, pictured above.
They need you to mention any national laws and local ordinances.
They specifically want to know what airspace you will be operating in and whether or not you need an airspace authorization.
Does it matter whether or not you are a citizen of the country?
Lastly, there is a bonus for you if, as you scroll through this chapter, you find any typos or broken links!
Question 2
Do you need a certificate to fly UAS?
If so, how do you obtain one?
Are there fees associated with this?
If so, how much?
Question 3
May you operate beyond visual line of sight?
If so, what procedures must you follow?
Question 4
Does the country have UAM/AAM laws? If so, describe, citing the exact law.
Question 5
Are you aware of any new laws or policies not mentioned above? If so, describe, citing the exact law or policy.
