Three equal horizontal bands of sky blue (top), red, and green. A vertical crescent moon and an eight-pointed star in white are centered in the red band. The blue band recalls Azerbaijan’s Turkic heritage, red stands for modernization and progress, and green refers to Islam. The crescent moon and star are a Turkic insignia. The eight star points represent the eight Turkic peoples of the world.

Flag courtesy of the CIA World Factbook

Map courtesy of the CIA World Factbook

Google Earth

The Maiden Tower, built sometime between A.D. 800 and 1200, is the most recognized structure in the Old City of Baku.

Photo courtesy of the CIA World Factbook

Government

According to Britannica, Azerbaijan’s 1978 Soviet-era constitution was subsequently revised or superseded by the 1991 Act of Independence and by presidential and parliamentary decree. In 1995 a new constitution was overwhelmingly approved by referendum. The constitution provides for a unicameral legislature, whose members are directly elected to five-year terms. The head of state is the president, who is also elected by direct universal suffrage to a term of seven years. A constitutional amendment that was passed in 2009 removed the presidency’s two-term limit. Political parties include the New Azerbaijan Party (founded by former president Heydar Aliyev), the pro-Turkish, nationalist Azerbaijan Popular Front, the New Equality Party (Musavat), the Azerbaijan Social Democratic Party, the Azerbaijan National Independence Party, and the Azerbaijan United Communist Party, which was founded after its predecessor was banned in 1991. In 1992 Azerbaijan joined the United Nations, and in 1993 it formally became a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).

Civil / National Aviation Authority (CAA/NAA)

The State Civil Aviation Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan was established according to the Decree No. 512 of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated December 29, 2006. With the Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated January 12, 2018 on “Some measures related to the improvement of management in the field of transport, communication and high technologies in the Republic of Azerbaijan”, the Administration was included in the structure of the Ministry as the State Civil Aviation Agency under the Ministry of Digital Development and Transport of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The agency is an executive power body that carries out state control and regulation in the field of civil aviation in the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Maintenance costs and activities of the Agency are financed from the state budget of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The activity of the agency is headed by a director appointed and dismissed by the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Airspace

SkyVector – Google Maps – ADS-B Exchange

ICAO countries publish an Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP). This document is divided into three parts: General (GEN), En Route (ENR) and Aerodromes (AD). ENR 1.4 details the types of airspace classes they chose to adopt from classes A through G. Azerbaijan AIP – none found

Drone Regulations

UAS Laws

Interim Procedure for the registration and authorization of flights of civil drones

List of documents and information to be submitted for obtaining a special permit for the circulation of civil unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (AZE)

Drone Regulations Translated into English by Google

Interim Procedure for the registration and authorization of flights of civil drones

1.1. “Interim Procedure for Registration and Authorization of Civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicles” (hereinafter – Interim Procedure) to Article 8 of the 1944 Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 2011 The State Civil Aviation Agency under the Ministry of Transport, Communications and High Technologies of the Republic of Azerbaijan, approved by the document No. 328 AN/190 “Management systems of unmanned aircraft” dated 2018, as well as by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated May 22, 2018 (hereinafter – DMAA ) in accordance with clauses 1.1, 3.0.8 and 5.6.6 of the Regulation, is adopted for the purpose of regulating the use of civil unmanned aerial vehicles (hereinafter – UAVs) and the relevant addendum to the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan “On Aviation” regarding UAVs and until the regulations come into force and “M “Regulations on the use of national unmanned aerial vehicles” defines the temporary procedures for the registration and flight authorization of UAVs until approved by the relevant state authority.

1.2. The provisions of this Temporary Procedure cover the procedures for the registration and permission to fly civil UAVs in the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan and apply to all individuals and legal entities.

1.3. This Temporary Procedure determines the legal basis of the procedures mentioned below in the field of registration and flight authorization of UAVs:

1.3.1. Application procedures for registration of UAVs;

1.3.2. Application procedures for permission to fly UAVs;

1.3.3. Requirements for UAV pilots.

1.4. This Interim Procedure does not apply to the following UAVs:

1.4.1. UAV with a maximum take-off mass of up to 0.25 kilograms, carrying no payload and used for sports and entertainment purposes;

1.4.2. UAV intended for military purposes.

1.5. Individuals and legal entities engaged in the operation of UAVs are responsible for non-compliance with this Temporary Procedure in accordance with the procedure determined by the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

2.1. Key terms used in this Interim Procedure have the following meanings:

2.1.1. aviation – a set of activities and facilities aimed at creating the necessary conditions for human use of the airspace through an aircraft;

2.1.2. payload – any device, mechanism, equipment, part, apparatus, equipment, accessory or communication equipment installed in an aircraft, but not used to control the aircraft during flight and not a part of the fuselage, engine or propeller;

2.1.3. aircraft – any device that remains in the atmosphere due to the interaction of air (except for the interaction of air reflected from the surface of the earth and water);

2.1.4. air traffic – aircraft flights or movements on the maneuvering area;

2.1.5. air traffic management (providing air traffic dispatcher service) – service provided to air traffic with the aim of preventing collisions of aircraft with each other or with obstacles on the maneuvering area, accelerating the flow of air traffic and maintaining an orderly flow;

2.1.6. airspace – airspace over the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the sector of the Caspian Sea (lake) belonging to the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the internal waters;

2.1.7. civil UAV – UAV intended for meeting the needs of the economy, the population, including individuals, and for the implementation of aviation activities of a special nature;

2.1.8. UAV – an aircraft intended for remote control without a pilot inside;

2.1.9. UAV-related aviation accident – an incident related to the death or bodily injury of any person as a result of the damage of the UAV or the collapse of its structure, loss or falling to a completely inaccessible place;

2.1.10. Aviation incident related to UAV – an event that is not classified as an aviation incident, related to the use of UAV, which has or may have a negative impact on the safety of operation;

2.1.11. UAV operator – a legal or physical person engaged in UAV operation or providing services in this field;

2.1.12. UAV pilot – a person who remotely controls the UAV;

2.1.13. dangerous goods – items or substances mentioned in the Technical Manual of the International Civil Aviation Organization or transported by aircraft classified according to that Technical Manual, which may endanger the health and safety of people, as well as property or the environment during an incident or event;

2.1.14. flight time – the total time from the moment when the movement of the aircraft due to traction force for take-off is started until the moment when the flight stops after the end of the flight.

3.1. UAV operators and UAVs must register in accordance with the procedural rules specified in Appendix No. 1 of this Temporary Procedure.

3.2. UAV flights carried out in the open air can be performed only after a flight permit has been issued by the “Azeraero navigation” Air Traffic Administration (hereinafter – HHI) of the “Azerbaijan Airlines” Closed Joint Stock Company in accordance with the procedural rules specified in Appendix No. 2 of this Temporary Procedure.

4.1. Depending on the characteristics of UAV operations to be implemented, they are divided into the following categories:

4.1.1. “Category A”; 4.1.2. “Category B”;

4.1.3. “Category C”.

4.2. UAV operations belonging to “Category A” must meet at least the following requirements:

4.2.1. The maximum take-off weight of the UAV should not exceed 25 kg;

4.2.2. The UAV pilot must maintain a safe distance between the UAV and people during the flight;

4.2.3. The UAV pilot must maintain direct, uninterrupted visual contact with the UAV without any support;

4.2.4. flights should be organized up to 120 meters above the ground.

4.3. UAV operations are classified as “Category B” if they do not meet one of the requirements mentioned in paragraph 4.2 of this Temporary Procedure.

4.4. The following UAV operations are classified as “Category C”:

4.4.1. operations intended for the transportation of people;

4.4.2. operations intended for transportation of dangerous goods;

4.4.3. Operations intended to be carried out in “Category B”, but after analyzing the risk assessment mentioned in paragraph 2.8 of Appendix No. 2 of this Temporary Procedure by HHI, it is not considered possible to minimize the risks without putting forward additional requirements.

4.5. UAV operations carried out in all categories defined by this article are conducted by DMAA in accordance with the procedural rules determined by this Temporary Procedure.

5.1. UAV pilots must undergo training that instills in them certain theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the field of UAV operation. Such training should ensure reduction of possible risks during UAV operations.

5.2. UAV pilots must be at least 18 years old.

5.3. The UAV pilot must strictly follow the orders and instructions of the HMI during the flight.

5.4. The UAV pilot must not be under the influence of drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as alcohol during the flight.

6.1. DMAA performs the following tasks in the field of UAV registration and flight authorization:

6.1.1. oversees compliance with the relevant requirements of this Temporary Procedure;

6.1.2. Develops procedural rules for the circulation and use of UAVs and regularly adds to those rules;

6.1.3. issues a registration certificate to UAV operators, extends, suspends and cancels the period of legal validity of that certificate;

6.1.4. Keeps documents (including in electronic form), records and reports containing information related to UAVs registration and permission for flights;

6.1.5. The inspector carries out inspections with the aim of verifying the compliance of the activities of legal and natural persons engaged in the operation of UAVs with the relevant requirements of this Temporary Procedure;

6.1.6. Provides UAV operators with the necessary instructions and information for the implementation of appropriate safe operations;

6.1.7. Appeals to the relevant executive authority to hold legal and natural persons responsible for violations of the legislation related to the operation of UAVs.

6.2. HHI provides air traffic management of UAVs in the airspace of the Republic of Azerbaijan and performs the following tasks:

6.2.1. determines and updates airspace restrictions, as well as submits them to DMAA accordingly;

6.2.2. determines and implements information exchange features for the purpose of cooperation between relevant authorities and UAV operators;

6.2.3. manages entry and exit operations of UAVs in controlled airspace (this provision does not apply to UAVs used in closed space);

6.2.4. organizes and controls the air traffic of UAVs in the controlled airspace.

6.3. Airspace allocation principles for UAV operators must meet the following requirements:

6.3.1. The flight of the UAV must meet the safety requirements;

6.3.2. During the operation of the UAV, there should be no danger to other aircraft using the same flight space;

6.3.3. The UAV must comply with the equipment requirements applicable to the airspace class and the instructions of the HHI.

7.1. Operators of UAVs whose main place of activity or permanent registration is in a foreign country cannot carry out any flights in the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan without the special permission of the relevant authorities of the Republic of Azerbaijan, unless otherwise stipulated in the bilateral agreements on interstate air transport.

7.2. UAV operations to be carried out in the territory of a foreign state must be carried out in accordance with the requirements set by that state.

8.1. UAV operators must submit information to DMAA about any UAV-related aviation event or incident in the airspace of the Republic of Azerbaijan. This information should include details such as the UAV’s last known position, altitude and speed.

1. UAV operators must apply to DMAA for state registration of UAVs with an application or electronically. The following documents and information must be attached to the said application:

1.1. According to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan No. 292 dated September 12, 2005, “List of central executive authorities that give special permission to the circulation of items that may belong to certain participants of the civil circulation and whose circulation is allowed on the basis of a special permit (restricted civil circulation)” are objects with restricted civil circulation. by Special Permit.

Note: If the UAV is obtained within the Republic of Azerbaijan, the confirming document and the opinions of the relevant state authorities.

1.2. application letter containing information about the field of activity and the flights to be performed;

1.3. for legal entities – name, legal address, relevant document related to registration, type of entrepreneurial activity;

1.4. for natural persons – name, patronymic, surname, identity card information (series, number, when and by whom it was issued, address), type of entrepreneurial activity;

1.5. A certificate confirming the training of the UAV pilot mentioned in clause 5.1 of this Temporary Procedure;

1.6. A document of the UAV operator on the insurance of the damage that may be caused to the life and health and property of third parties;

1.7. serial number of the UAV;

1.8. Documents and information reflecting the technical characteristics of the UAV;

1.9. Photographs of the UAV;

1.10. A document (receipt) confirming the payment of the state fee and relevant inspector services related to the registration of the UAV.

2. After receiving the documents mentioned in paragraph 1 of this Appendix, the application is reviewed and answered accordingly within 10 (ten) working days.

3. When the user applies to DMAA for the first time to obtain a Registration Certificate, the mentioned permission is granted to him for a period of 1 (one) year or until the expiration date of the document on the insurance of damage to the life and health of third parties (whichever occurs earlier). When the extension of the Registration Certificate is required, the Operator must re-apply to the DMAA in accordance with the procedure specified in paragraph 1 of this Appendix.

4. UAV flights must be performed only by the UAV pilot(s) whose names are mentioned in the Registration Certificate.

5. UAV flights must be used only for the purposes stated in the Registration Certificate.

6. A registered UAV is given a national registration mark in accordance with the procedure established by DMAA. The registration mark must be placed on the UAV.

7. Registration Certificate may be revoked or suspended in the following cases:

7.1. If the operation of the UAV does not meet the relevant requirements of this Temporary Procedure;

7.2. If the UAV becomes unfit for flight;

7.3. In case the UAV is reported missing.

1. The permission to fly the UAV is issued by the Ministry of Defense. The said permit does not apply to flights in restricted areas.

2. UAV operators must apply for a flight permit with an HHI application (also electronically). The following information and documents should be attached to the said application:

2.1. for legal entities – name, legal address, type of entrepreneurial activity;

2.2. for natural persons – name, patronymic, surname, identity card information (series, number, date and who issued it, address), type of entrepreneurial activity;

2.3. category of UAV operation to be carried out, defined in chapter 4 of this Temporary Procedure;

2.4. the date, coordinates and maximum altitude of the flight to be performed;

2.5. the purpose of the flight to be performed;

2.6. A copy of the Registration Certificate mentioned in Appendix No. 1 of this Temporary Procedure;

2.7. if the area where the flight is to be carried out is privately owned, the take-off and landing permit obtained from its owner;

2.8. risk assessment in case of “Category B” operations. Such assessment should reflect at least the following:

2.8.1. Features of UAV operation;

2.8.2. Measures to be taken in order to minimize the risks that may arise during the UAV operation;

2.8.3. the purpose of the flight.

3. In order to obtain permission for the flight of the UAV, the HHI should be applied for at least 3 (three) working days in advance.

4. When the permission to fly the UAV is granted, the operator is presented with a flight permission by the HHI.

List of documents and information to be submitted for obtaining a special permit for the circulation of civil unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (AZE)

1. UAV operators must apply for a special permit to the Ministry of Transport, Communications and High Technologies of the Republic of Azerbaijan with an application or through an electronic service. The following documents and information should be attached to the said application:

1.1. for natural persons – name, patronymic, surname, ID card information (series, number, when and by whom it was issued, address), type of entrepreneurial activity;

1.2. for legal entities – name, legal address, relevant document related to registration, type of entrepreneurial activity;

1.3. a copy of the relevant document on the tax registration of the applicant by the tax authorities (if any);

1.4. Documents and information reflecting the technical characteristics of the UAV;

1.5. Photographs of UAVs.

NOTE: According to the List (Appendix 2) approved by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated September 12, 2005 No. 292, taking into account the opinions of the relevant state bodies on the circulation of UAVs, the Special Permit for Transportation, Communications of the Republic of Azerbaijan and issued by the State Civil Aviation Agency (DMAA) under the Ministry of High Technologies.

2. After receiving a special permit for the circulation of UAV(s), operators must apply for UAV registration according to the procedure established by the regulations.

Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)

Short Essay Questions