164 South Korea
White with a red (top) and blue yin-yang symbol in the center. There is a different black trigram from the ancient I Ching (Book of Changes) in each corner of the white field. The South Korean national flag is called Taegukki. White is a traditional Korean color and represents peace and purity. The blue section represents the negative cosmic forces of the yin, while the red symbolizes the opposite positive forces of the yang. Each trigram (kwae) denotes one of the four universal elements, which together express the principle of movement and harmony.
Flag courtesy of the CIA World Factbook
Map courtesy of the CIA World Factbook
The Joint Security Area (JSA, often referred to as the Truce Village or Panmunjom) is the only portion of the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) where North and South Korean forces stood face-to-face. In 2018, North and South Korean officials agreed to clear the JSA of all landmines, weapons, and guard posts. This withdrawal was completed on 25 October 2018 and the JSA now contains just 35 unarmed security guards. The area is slated to mainly become a tourist attraction. The photo shows South Korean soldiers standing guard at the JSA between the blue UN buildings. The white buildings are North Korean. This view is from the House of Freedom in South Korea looking towards the three-story Panmungak Hall in North Korea.
Photo courtesy of the CIA World Factbook
Last updated on November 7, 2024
Government
According to Britannica, the government instituted after a constitutional referendum in 1987 is known as the Sixth Republic. The constitutional structure is patterned mainly on the presidential system of the United States and is based on separation of powers among the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. The government system, highly centralized during most of South Korea’s existence, is less so under the Sixth Republic. The president, since 1987 chosen by direct popular election for a single five-year term, is the head of state and government and commander of the armed forces. The State Council, the highest executive body, is composed of the president, the prime minister, the heads of executive ministries, and ministers without portfolio. The prime minister is appointed by the president and approved by the elected National Assembly (Kuk Hoe).
Legislative authority rests with the unicameral National Assembly. The powers of the National Assembly, which was reinstated in 1980 after a period of curtailment, were strengthened in 1987. Its 300 members are chosen, as previously, by a combination of direct and indirect election to four-year terms.
South Korea has a multiparty system in which two parties have tended to dominate, although their names and composition have often changed. In the early 21st century the conservative Grand National Party and the centrist-liberal Democratic Party were dominant.
South Korea is divided administratively into the nine provinces (do or to) of Cheju, North Chŏlla, South Chŏlla, North Ch’ungch’ŏng, South Ch’ungch’ŏng, Kangwŏn, Kyŏnggi, North Kyŏngsang, and South Kyŏngsang; and the metropolitan cities (kwangyŏksi) of Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Inch’ŏn, Kwangju, Taejŏn, and Ulsan. Each has a popularly elected legislative council. Provinces are further divided into counties (gun) and cities (si), and the large cities into wards (ku) and precincts (tong). Provincial governors and the mayors of province-level cities are popularly elected.
The judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court, three appellate courts (High Courts), district courts, a family court, a patent court, and administrative and local courts. The Supreme Court is empowered to interpret the constitution and all other state laws and to review the legality of government regulations and activities. The chief justice is appointed by the president with the consent of the National Assembly; the mandatory retirement age for the chief justice is 70. All other Supreme Court justices are appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the chief justice; they serve six-year terms, to which they may be reappointed, and the retirement age is 65.
Civil / National Aviation Authority (CAA/NAA)
The Office of Civil Aviation (KOCA) is committed to making air travel safer and more convenient by supporting Korea’s aviation industry so that the Republic of Korea emerge as a true global aviation leader. Air transport business brings them tremendous benefits in terms of economic, social and cultural development.
Airspace
SkyVector – Google Maps – ADS-B Exchange
ICAO countries publish an Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP). This document is divided into three parts: General (GEN), En Route (ENR) and Aerodromes (AD). ENR 1.4 details the types of airspace classes they chose to adopt from classes A through G. South Korea AIP
Drone Regulations
Civil Complaint Portal Service
Drone one-stop civil complaint portal service
Drone Utilization Promotion and Infrastructure Creation Act (abbreviation: Drone Act)
[Enforced on June 8, 2022] [Law No. 18556, December 7, 2021, partially revised]
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport ( Advanced Aviation Division ) , 044-201-4253
Chapter 1: General Provisions
This Act lays the groundwork for the development of the drone industry by prescribing matters concerning the promotion and foundation of drone utilization, operation and management of drone systems, and promotion of national convenience and national economy through the promotion of the drone industry. It aims to contribute to development.
(1) The meaning of terms used in this Act is as follows.
1. The term “drone” refers to any of the following devices that meet the standards prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport as a flying vehicle capable of navigating without a pilot on board:
Unmanned aerial vehicle according to Article 2, Subparagraph 3 of the Aviation Safety Act
Unmanned aerial vehicles under Article 2, Subparagraph 6 of the Aviation Safety Act
Other air vehicles that navigate according to methods prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport , such as remote, automatic, autonomous, etc.
2. “Drone system” refers to a combination of drones, communication system, ground control station (including take-off and landing sites and pilots), navigation management and support system for organic and systematic drone flight.
3. “Drone industry” refers to industries related to the development, management, operation, or utilization of drone systems.
4. “Drone user business” refers to the use of ultra-light aircraft according to Article 2, Subparagraph 23 of the Air Business Act for the purpose of carrying out tasks such as transportation, pesticide spraying, and photography for a fee using drones in accordance with the demand of others A person who conducts a business prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport , such as business.
5. “Drone traffic management” refers to management tasks necessary for the process from take-off to landing of drones, such as support for various reports and approvals necessary for drone flight, provision of information necessary for flight, and flight route management.
(2) With respect to terms other than those specified in Paragraph 1, the definitions of terms under Article 2 of the Aviation Safety Act and Article 2 of the Aviation Business Act shall apply , except as otherwise provided for in this Act.
1. The state and local governments may provide administrative, financial, and technical support to nurture the drone industry as a sustainable economic growth engine, establish a win-win culture between companies, and create a sound industrial ecosystem. there is. Amended 2021. 12. 7.
2. The state and local governments shall endeavor to use drones in the public sector, such as firefighting, disaster prevention, quarantine, health, surveying, monitoring, and relief. Newly established 2021. 12. 7.
This Act takes precedence over other laws and applies to the matters set forth in this Act in relation to the promotion of drone utilization and foundation creation.
Chapter 2 Policy Promotion System
(1) The government shall establish and implement a basic plan for fostering and developing the drone industry (hereinafter referred to as “basic plan”) every five years in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the Presidential Decree.
(2) The master plan shall include the following matters.
1. Current status and future prospects of the drone industry
2. Basic direction of policy for fostering drone industry
3. Fostering policies for each sector of the drone industry
4. R&D support for fostering the drone industry
5. System improvement to foster the drone industry
6. User protection related to the drone industry
7. International cooperation related to the drone industry and support for overseas market entry
8. Investment requirements and financing plans for fostering the drone industry
9. Other matters necessary for fostering the drone industry
(3) For the establishment of the master plan, the government shall be responsible for the heads of related central administrative agencies, special mayors, metropolitan mayors, special self-governing mayors, provincial governors, or special self-governing governors (hereinafter referred to as “mayors and provincial governors”) and public institutions ( “Operation of public institutions” ). Relevant data can be requested from the head of the Public Institution under Article 4 of the relevant Act . In this case, the head of each institution requested to provide the data shall comply with it unless there is a justifiable reason.
(4) The Government shall consult with the heads of related central administrative agencies and mayors/provincial governors when establishing a master plan or changing important matters prescribed by Presidential Decree .
(5) When the government establishes or changes a master plan, it shall immediately notify the details in the Official Gazette and notify the heads of related central administrative agencies and mayors/provincial governors.
(6) The government shall establish an implementation plan for each year in accordance with the basic plan.
(1) The government may conduct an annual fact-finding survey of the drone industry in order to effectively establish and implement policies related to the drone industry.
(2) When the government conducts a fact-finding survey pursuant to Paragraph 1, it may include mid- to long-term demand forecasts for drone systems in the public and private sectors.
(3) The government may request necessary data from the heads of central administrative agencies, mayors and governors, and heads of public institutions if necessary for the fact-finding survey under Paragraph 1 and demand forecasting under Paragraph 2. If not, you must follow it.
(4) Matters necessary for the subject, method and procedure of the fact-finding survey under paragraphs 1 through 3 shall be determined by the Presidential Decree .
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(1) It is possible to organize and operate a drone industry council composed of business operators, etc.
(2) Matters necessary for the composition and operation of the Drone Industry Council shall be determined by the Presidential Decree .
Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport may request the introduction and utilization of drone systems to the heads of central administrative agencies, mayors and governors, and heads of public institutions in order to revitalize the drone industry.
Chapter 3 Nurturing the Drone Industry
(1) The government may conduct research and development projects necessary for technological development of drone systems, as prescribed by Presidential Decree , in order to promote technological development of drone systems and efficiently promote basic plans.
(2) The government may provide necessary support for linkage and cooperation between researchers and developers, producers and consumers of drone systems in promoting research and development projects under paragraph 1.
(3) The government may provide necessary support to promote joint research among public institutions, corporations, organizations, and universities in order to enhance the results of research and development on drone systems.
(4) Matters necessary for support under paragraphs 2 and 3 shall be determined by the Presidential Decree .
Article 9-2 (Establishment and Operation of Drone Information System, etc.) information system”) can be established and operated.
1. Information on the status and history of drone-related accidents
2. Information on drone-related insurance subscription and insurance claims
3. Information on reports of ultra-light vehicles (limited to unmanned aerial vehicles) and reports on changes under Articles 122 and 123 of the Aviation Safety Act;
4. Information on certification of pilots of ultra-light vehicles (limited to unmanned aerial vehicles) pursuant to Article 125 of the Aviation Safety Act;
5. Information on registration, business plan, transfer/acquisition, merger, inheritance, business suspension and closure, etc. of ultra-light vehicle use business under Articles 48 and 49 of the Aviation Business Act;
6. Other information prescribed by Presidential Decree as information necessary for the establishment and operation of the information system.
(2) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport may request the heads of related central administrative agencies, heads of local governments, heads of public institutions, and heads of related institutions and organizations to provide necessary data or information, if necessary for the establishment and operation of the information system. there is. In this case, a person who is requested to provide data or information shall comply therewith unless there are special reasons.
(3) Other matters necessary for the establishment and operation of information systems shall be determined by Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport.
[This article is newly established on November 15, 2022]
[Enforcement date: May 16, 2023] Article 9-2
(1) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport may designate and operate special zones for drone systems (hereinafter referred to as “special zones for drones”) to promote practical use and commercialization of drone systems. there is.
(2) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport suspends or exempts, as prescribed by Presidential Decree , certification, permission, approval, evaluation, report, etc. prescribed in the following laws for commercialization and commercialization of drones in the drone special liberalization zone under Paragraph 1; can be simplified.
1. Special airworthiness certification under Article 23 of the Aviation Safety Act
2. Permission to fly unmanned aerial vehicles under Article 68 of the Aviation Safety Act
3. Test flight permission or safety certification in accordance with Article 124 of the Aviation Safety Act
4. Flight approval under Article 127 of the Aviation Safety Act
5. Approval of special flights under Article 129, Paragraph 5 of the Aviation Safety Act
6. Conformity evaluation according to Article 58-2 of the Radio Waves Act
(3) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport shall designate a drone special liberalization zone pursuant to Paragraph 1 or temporarily suspend, exempt or simplify certification, permission, approval, evaluation, report, etc. pursuant to Paragraph 2 with the heads of related central administrative agencies in advance. should be consulted.
(4) Other matters necessary for the designation, operation and management of the drone special freedom zone shall be determined by the Presidential Decree.
(1) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport shall drone pilot project districts (hereinafter referred to as “drone pilot project districts”) to smoothly conduct demonstration and testing of drone systems, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.) can be designated and operated.
(2) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport may provide administrative and financial support to any of the following persons in the pilot drone project area:
1. A person who flies for drone performance testing and development
2. A person who flies a drone for safety standards research, etc.
3. Other persons specified by Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport .
government may provide administrative and financial support for each of the following subparagraphs as prescribed by Presidential Decree in order to promote and revitalize startups related to the drone industry
1. Loan of start-up fund
2. Provision of drone-related R&D achievements
3. Support of test equipment and facilities
4. Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(1) The Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy, in order to promote the development and utilization of drone industry-related technologies, has drone technology (drone advanced technology) as prescribed by Presidential Decree . Including this grafted product (hereinafter the same).
(2) The Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy may request the heads of related central administrative agencies, mayors and governors, and heads of public institutions to first purchase and use advanced drone technology.
(3) The Minister of Small and Medium Business Venture Business, at the request of the Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy, uses drone cutting-edge technology developed by small and medium-sized enterprises (referring to small and medium-sized enterprises pursuant to Article 2 of the Framework Act on Small and Medium Enterprises) in Article 6 of the Act on Promotion of Purchase of Small and Medium Enterprise Products and Market Support. It can be designated as a competitive product under Article 2.
(4) The Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy may cancel the designation or suspend the effect of the designation by setting a period of not more than three months if the technology designated as advanced drone technology falls under any of the following subparagraphs: However, in cases falling under subparagraph 1, the designation shall be cancelled.
1. In the case of receiving designation by deceit or other fraudulent means;
2. In the event that it does not conform to the criteria for designation of advanced drone technology prescribed by the Presidential Decree pursuant to Paragraph 1 .
(5) Matters necessary for designation of advanced drone technology under Paragraph 1 and cancellation of designation under Paragraph 4 shall be determined by Presidential Decree.
(1) A person who has been designated as advanced drone technology pursuant to Article 13 shall be deemed to have received certification, evaluation, and inspection (hereinafter referred to as “certification, etc.”) in each of the following subparagraphs.
1. Safety certification according to Article 124 of the Aviation Safety Act
2. Conformity evaluation according to Article 58-2 of the Radio Waves Act
3. Approval of agricultural machinery according to Article 9 of the Agricultural Mechanization Promotion Act
(2) When the Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy makes a designation pursuant to Article 13 , if the matters falling under any of the subparagraphs of paragraph (1) are included, the Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy submitted by the applicant for designation pursuant to Article 13 Attach related documents and consult with the head of the relevant administrative agency in advance. In this case, the head of the relevant administrative agency shall submit an opinion within 30 days from the date of receipt of the request for consultation, and if an opinion is not submitted within the same period, it shall be deemed that there is no opinion.
(3) If it is deemed to have received certification, etc. pursuant to Paragraph 1, fees imposed in accordance with relevant laws will be exempted.
(1) The government shall prepare policies for protecting and fostering intellectual property rights of drone systems in order to protect and foster drone system research activities and drone industry.
(2) The government may promote the following projects to protect the intellectual property rights of drone systems.
1. Responding to and Restoring Intellectual Property Rights Infringement
2. Education and publicity on intellectual property rights
3. Efficient use of intellectual property rights
4. Other matters prescribed by Presidential Decree .
(3) The Government may designate specialized institutions or organizations in the field of intellectual property rights to promote projects under each subparagraph of paragraph (2), as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(1) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport may designate those who have contributed to the development of the drone industry and the improvement of service and safety levels among drone users and meet the standards set by Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport as excellent operators.
(2) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport may provide support prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport to persons designated as excellent business operators, such as providing a mark indicating that they have been designated as excellent business operators and simplifying administrative procedures .
(3) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport may cancel the designation or suspend the effect of the designation by specifying a period of not more than three months if a person designated as an excellent business operator falls under any of the following subparagraphs: However, in cases falling under subparagraph 1, the designation shall be cancelled.
1. In the case of being designated as an excellent business operator by deceit or other fraudulent means
2. In the case of failing to meet the standards for designation of excellent business operators prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport under paragraph (1).
(4) Necessary matters, such as standards and procedures for the designation, cancellation, or suspension of effectiveness of excellent business operators, other than those specified in paragraphs 1 through 3, shall be determined by Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport.
(1) In order to operate drones safely and efficiently, the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport designates a person who falls under any of the following subparagraphs as an exclusive operator to establish and operate a drone traffic management system. can
1. Public institutions or organizations related to the drone industry prescribed by Presidential Decree
2. A stock company under the Commercial Act that meets the standards prescribed by the Presidential Decree.
(2) An exclusive operator designated under Paragraph 1 may collect expenses required for operation and management of the drone traffic management system from the user of the drone traffic management system.
(3) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport may designate and operate drone flight routes when establishing and operating a drone traffic management system pursuant to Paragraph 1.
(4) The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport shall closely cooperate with the Ministry of National Defense and related organizations for the smooth establishment and operation of the drone traffic management system pursuant to Paragraph 1. Newly established 2021. 12. 7.
Chapter 4 Supplemental Provisions
(1) The government may conduct education and training to nurture and improve the quality of professional manpower related to the drone industry.
(2) The Government may designate research institutes, universities, or other institutions or organizations prescribed by Presidential Decree as professional manpower training institutions to conduct education and training pursuant to paragraph (1), and may provide necessary budget support.
(3) Necessary matters, such as the establishment of a plan for fostering professional manpower and education and training under paragraphs (1) and (2), and the requirements and procedures for designating a professional manpower nurturing institution, etc. shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(4) The Government may revoke the designation of a person designated as an institution for training professional manpower pursuant to paragraph (2) if he or she falls under any of the following subparagraphs: However, in cases falling under subparagraph 1, the designation shall be cancelled.
1. In the case of receiving designation by deceit or other fraudulent means;
2. Where the designation requirements prescribed by the Presidential Decree have been continuously falling short of three months or more
3. If a person who has not completed education is treated as having completed it
(1) The government supports projects such as international exchange of related technologies and human resources, participation in international exhibitions, international standardization, and international joint research and development in order to promote international cooperation and entry into overseas markets in the drone industry can
(2) The Government may have institutions or organizations prescribed by Presidential Decree carry out the projects under paragraph (1) and may provide necessary budget support.
An administrative agency shall hold a hearing if it intends to make any of the following dispositions:
1. Cancellation of designation of advanced drone technology under Article 13, Paragraph 4
2. Revocation of designation as an excellent business operator under Article 16 Paragraph 3
3. Revocation of designation as an institution for training professional manpower under Article 18, Paragraph 4
(1) Part of the authority of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport under this Act may be delegated to the head of the relevant agency, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(2) Some of the duties of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport under this Act may be entrusted to institutions or organizations publicly notified by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport as they are recognized as having expertise in the drone industry, as prescribed by Presidential Decree.
(1) A person who falls under any of the following subparagraphs shall pay fees to the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport or the Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy. However, if the work is delegated or entrusted pursuant to Article 21, it must be submitted to the entrusted institution.
1. A person who intends to be designated under this Act;
2. A person who applies for issuance or re-issuance of a letter of designation, etc. under this Act
(2) If an on-site business trip is necessary for certification, etc., the applicant must pay the travel expenses required for the business trip.
(3) Necessary matters concerning the fee under Paragraph 1 and travel expenses under Paragraph 2 and the procedure and method for collection shall be governed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport ( referring to the Ordinance of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy in the case of designation of advanced drone technology under Article 13 ) set to
person who performs or has performed duties entrusted pursuant to this Act shall not divulge any confidential information learned in the course of performing duties.
A person who falls under any of the following subparagraphs shall be deemed a public official in the application of Articles 129 through 132 of the Criminal Act:
1. Exclusive business operator pursuant to Article 17 Paragraph 1
2. Employees of institutions or organizations engaged in tasks entrusted by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport pursuant to Article 21, Paragraph 2
Chapter 5 Penalties
(1) A person who divulges secrets learned in the course of performing entrusted duties in violation of Article 23 shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than three years or a fine not exceeding 30 million won.
(2) A person who falls under any of the following subparagraphs shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than two years or by a fine of not more than 20 million won.
1. A person who has been designated as advanced drone technology by false or other fraudulent means in violation of Article 13
2. A person who has been designated as an excellent business operator by deceit or other fraudulent means in violation of Article 16
3. A person who has been designated as a professional human resources training institution by false or other illegal means, in violation of Article 18;
If a representative of a corporation or an agent, employee, or other employee of a corporation or individual commits an act of violation under Article 23 in relation to the business of the corporation or individual, in addition to punishing the perpetrator, the corporation or individual may also be punished. A fine under the relevant Article shall be imposed. However, this is not the case if the corporation or individual has not been negligent in giving due attention and supervision regarding the relevant business to prevent the violation.
Article 1 (Effective Date)
This Act shall enter into force one year after its promulgation.
Article 2 (Transitional Measures concerning Basic Plans for Drone Industry Development)
Plans for the development of the drone industry deliberated and resolved by the Aviation Policy Committee pursuant to Article 4 of the Aviation Business Act within five years prior to the enforcement of this Act shall be adopted on December 31, 2022. date shall be regarded as a master plan established pursuant to Article 5 of this Act.
This Act shall enter into force six months after its promulgation.
Standards for Safety Standards and Approval Procedures for Special Flight of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
[Enforcement 2021. 11. 18.] [Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Notice No. 2021-1264, 2021. 11. 18., partially revised] Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (Advanced Aviation Division), 044-201-4290
This notice provides safety standards and approval for special flight of unmanned aerial vehicles in accordance with Article 129 (5) of the Aviation Safety Act and Article 312-2 (1) and (3) of the Enforcement Rule of the Aviation Safety Act Its purpose is to specify the details of the procedure.
The definitions of terms used in this notification are as follows.
1. “Special flight” means that it is judged to be in conformity with the safety standards for special flight of an unmanned aerial vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “special flight safety standard”) announced by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport as a result of inspection by a specialized inspection agency related to flight at night and out of sight. It refers to flights approved by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport after determining the scope.
2. “Night flight” refers to the act of flying at night from sunset to sunrise.
3. “Flying outside the visual field” means the act of an unmanned aerial vehicle pilot operating the unmanned aerial vehicle outside the range that can be confirmed with the naked eye.
4. “Safety standard inspection” refers to an inspection conducted by the head of the Regional Aviation Administration to confirm whether the application for special flight approval meets the special flight safety standards when the application for special flight approval is received.
5. “Receipt date” means the date on which the special flight applicant submits the special flight approval application and all accompanying documents.
6. “Fail-Safe” refers to the case where the unmanned aerial vehicle safely returns to home or falls (parachute/airbag) in the event of a communication outage, low battery, or system failure during flight. etc.) is a device that allows
7. “Collision avoidance function” refers to a function that enables an unmanned aerial vehicle in flight to detect obstacles and avoid obstacles.
8. “Collision prevention light” refers to a radio beacon device that enables other unmanned aerial vehicles or aircraft in the vicinity to recognize the unmanned aerial vehicle in order to prevent collision of the unmanned aerial vehicle in flight.
9. “First Person View” refers to a device that enables the operator of the unmanned aerial vehicle to check in real time the image captured from the viewpoint of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the image transmitter.
This Notice is approval pursuant to the former part of Article 129 (5 ) of the Aviation Safety Act (hereinafter referred to as the “Act”)used for night flights and flights outside the line of sight under Article 312-2 of the Rules. Applies to unmanned aerial vehicles under Article 5, Subparagraph 5 of the Rules.
(1) Safety standards for special flight approval under Article 129 (5) of the Act refer to Attached Table 1
(2) A person who intends to obtain special flight approval pursuant to Article 129 Paragraph 5 of the Act shall submit an application pursuant to Article 312-2 Paragraph 1 of the Rules with the following documents attached to the Director of the Regional Aviation Administration:
1. Documents on specifications such as type, type, weight (maximum take-off weight and self-weight) and size of the unmanned aerial vehicle In case of installation, documents related to the type, type, weight, size, etc. must be submitted together.
2. Documents on performance, such as maximum flight altitude and operation time of the unmanned aerial vehicle, functions such as automatic safety device and anti-collision, and operation limits Include documents proving that the necessary functions are met according to safety standards.)
3. Documents on how to operate the unmanned aerial vehicle’s visual aids and manual/automatic/semi-automatic flight functions
4. Flight plan including purpose, method, time or period, place, number of flights, procedure, flight route, altitude, time, person in charge, operating personnel and division of roles, etc. of special flight of unmanned aerial vehicle
5. In the case of an unmanned aerial vehicle subject to ultra-light vehicle safety certification in Article 305 (1) of the Rules, a safety certificate
6. Documents certifying pilot ability and experience for safe unmanned aerial vehicle flight
7. Documents proving the purchase of insurance or mutual aid for compensation for damages due to the accident of the unmanned aerial vehicle ( limited to those who are required to purchase insurance or mutual aid pursuant to Article 70 (4) of the Aviation Business Act)
8. Enforcement Rules of the Aviation Safety Act Form No. 122 Application for Flight Approval for Ultra – Light Vehicle
9. Documents proving completion of emergency situation manual and emergency situation training of operating personnel
10. Documents on the current status of lighting and obstacles at unmanned aerial vehicle take-off and landing sites (including photos of take-off and landing sites)
11. Other documents necessary to prove compliance with the special flight safety standards in Attached Table 1 in consideration of the purpose, flight range, difficulty, etc. of the special flight
(1) Upon receipt of the application under Article 4, the head of the Regional Aviation Administration sends the Director of the Aviation Safety Technology Institute (hereinafter referred to as the “Director of the Institute of Technology”) pursuant to Article 135 (8) 3 of the Act Request safety standards inspection. In this case, the head of the Institute of Technology prepares and stores the application for inspection for special flight approval for unmanned aerial vehicles in Annex No. 1 form , or prepares and stores the contents of the application for inspection of special flight approval for unmanned aerial vehicles in an electronic information processing device such as a computer should be managed
(2) Upon receipt of an inspection request pursuant to the former part of Paragraph 1, the Director of the Institute of Technology shall check whether there are any abnormalities in the submitted documents, and if it is determined that there are no problems, inspect whether they conform to the special flight safety standards in the attached table. In this case, different safety standards may be applied depending on the purpose of the special flight, flight range, difficulty level, etc.
(3) The Director of the Institute of Technology may request additional data, site visits and flight tests necessary for the inspection during the inspection under Paragraph 2, and the applicant must comply.
(4) Director of the Institute of Technology within 25 days from the date of receipt (in the case of special circumstances such as review of new technology, it can be done within 70 days, in which case the head of the Regional Aviation Administration must be notified within 25 days) whether special flight safety standards are met or not, etc. Inspection results must be submitted to the Director of the Regional Aviation Administration.
(5) The head of the Institute of Technology shall enact business regulations necessary for special flight safety standard inspections in accordance with Article 15 of the Regulations on Delegation and Consignment of Administrative Authority and obtain approval from the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. The same applies when changing this.
(1) If the result of the inspection of special flight safety standards under Article 5 is suitable, the head of the regional aviation office shall issue a special flight approval certificate pursuant to the former part of Article 312-2 (2) of the Rules and notify the inspection result under Article 5 (4 ). In this case, the head of the Regional Aviation Administration may restrict the matters falling under each of the following subparagraphs if deemed necessary pursuant to the latter part of Article 312-2 (2) of the Rules:
1. Flight date, take-off and landing times and number of flights
2. Flight site, installation of lighting fixtures, removal of obstacles
3. FLYING METHODS, PROCEDURES, ROUTES AND ALTITUDE
4. Types, functions and conditions of aircraft and equipment used
5. Flight Director and Operating Personnel
6. Other matters deemed necessary for flight safety
(2) The head of the regional aviation office shall endeavor to promptly process the application for special flight approval by utilizing online, etc.
The period of validity of special flight approval shall be the period specified in the flight plan submitted by the applicant, but within a maximum of 6 months.
(1) A person who wishes to change the flight plan or extend the valid period of the previously issued special flight approval shall submit the application pursuant to Article 312-2 (1) of the Rules with the documents in Article 4 attached to the Director of the Regional Aviation Administration.
(2) Articles 5 and 6 apply to the inspection and approval of safety standards in relation to flight plan changes and extensions.
(3) The period of validity of the changed or extended special flight approval shall be the period specified in the flight plan submitted at the time of application for change or extension, but within a maximum of 6 months.
The Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport , pursuant to the Regulations on Issuance and Management of Directives, Established Regulations, etc. , with respect to this notification, as of January 1, 2022, every 3 years (the 12th of every 3rd year) By the 31st of the month), the feasibility should be reviewed and measures such as improvement should be taken.
Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, in accordance with the Framework Act on Administrative Regulations」, with respect to this notice, every three years from January 1, 2022 (referring to December 31 of every third year) The feasibility should be reviewed for each case and measures such as improvement should be taken.
Article 1 (Effective Date) This Notice shall be effective from the date of promulgation.
Article 1 (Effective Date) This Notice shall be effective from the date of promulgation.
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Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) Regulations & Policies
2021 – K-UAM Grand Challenge Korea
2021 – K-UAM Roadmap
2022 – S. Korea out to set legal grounds for urban air mobility H2
Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) News
2023 – Vertical’s South Korea AAM partner to link air taxis in mobility app
2023 – PLANA, South Korean AAM developer, expands to the U.S.
2023 – Vertical Aerospace expands in Asia-Pacific with VX4 preorder from Kakao Mobility
2023 – Vertical Aerospace expands presence in South Korea
2023 – Skyports Drone Services strengthens presence in Korea
2023 – Eve Air Mobility and Jeju Air Release Concept of Operations for UAM in South Korea
2024 – Incheon Metropolitan City, IAIAC, and MITRE Unveil Advanced Air Mobility Concept of Operations
2024 – Incheon’s AAM Concept of Operations Released
2024 – Kakao Mobility partners with Archer on UAM in South Korea
2024 – Moviation launches air taxi service in South Korea
2024 – Skyports partners with Korea’s leading domestic carrier on vertiport development
2024 – Skyports partners with Jeju Air to develop vertiports in Korea
2024 – POSCO to Participate in Joint Research to Build Vertiports
2024 – Firstco Presents Vertiport Insights at World Smart City Expo
2024 – UrbanV Teams with Korean Airport Firm to Build AAM Network
Short Essay Questions
Question 1
You have been hired by a Drone Startup Company. Your boss has immediately assigned this job to you.
They need you to prepare a one-page memo detailing the legalities of using a drone to film the DMZ, pictured above.
They need you to mention any national laws and local ordinances.
They specifically want to know what airspace you will be operating in and whether or not you need an airspace authorization.
Does it matter whether or not you are a citizen of the country?
Lastly, there is a bonus for you if, as you scroll through this chapter, you find any typos or broken links!
Question 2
Do you need a certificate to fly UAS?
If so, how do you obtain one?
Are there fees associated with this?
If so, how much?
Question 3
May you operate beyond visual line of sight?
If so, what procedures must you follow?
Question 4
Does the country have UAM/AAM laws? If so, describe, citing the exact law.
Question 5
Are you aware of any new laws or policies not mentioned above? If so, describe, citing the exact law or policy.
