4.4 Getting to Know More about Cyber Threats
Storyline
The discussion continues as Zhang Di suggests that learning about cybersecurity threats is essential before building the website. Mr. Chen agrees and leads a conversation about common cyber threats, including email security. Before wrapping up, he reminds the interns of their data center visit the next day. The interns grow curious about what they’ll see.
Text Recording
张笛: | 我们的网站要告诉员工网络安全的信息。我觉得我们需要先知道网络安全的威胁和攻击有哪几种。 |
陈老师: | 对,对。你们知道黑客可以发动哪些攻击吗?如果我们不知道,我们上网的时候会不安全。 |
王杰丹: | 我听说过电子邮件可以带病毒。 |
陈老师: | 是的, 黑客常常用电子邮件发送文件,文件里可能会带恶意软件, 比如木马病毒。 |
李梅: | 那我们收到邮件的时候,不应该打开文件吗? |
陈老师: | 你要知道给你发邮件的人是谁,是什么样的文件,文件是不是太大或者太小,然后再打开。一般来说, exe 的文件可能是带病毒的文件。 |
王杰丹: | 还有哪种病毒呢? |
张笛: | 我还知道广告病毒、间谍软件、勒索软件等等。 |
陈老师: | 还有钓鱼式攻击、社会工程、电子欺骗等等。 |
李梅: | 这些攻击都需要在我们的网站上说明吗? |
周萌: | 我觉得应该。我还不太懂这些攻击是什么。我会一边学,一边做网站。 |
陈老师: | 对,你们实习也是学习,可以一边学习一边做网络安全的网站。你们以后会知道更多。 对了,明天你们要去公司的数据中心参观, 你们知道数据中心在哪儿吗? |
大家: | 不知道。 |
Downloadable Text with Pinyin and Annotation
4.2 Getting to Know More about Cyber Threat Pinyin and Annotation
Reading Exercise
Sentence Structures
-
哪几种 (nǎ jǐ zhǒng)
Meaning:
“Which kinds” or “which types” – used to ask about specific categories of something.
When to Use:
- To ask about a few specific types of things from a larger category.
- Common in both spoken and written Chinese.
Structure:
哪几种 + [Noun]
→ “Which kinds of [something]?”
Dialogue-Based Examples:
- 我们需要先知道网络安全的威胁和攻击有哪几种。
(Wǒmen xūyào xiān zhīdào wǎngluò ānquán de wēixié hé gōngjī yǒu nǎ jǐ zhǒng.)
→ We need to first understand which types of threats and attacks exist in cybersecurity. - 你们知道黑客可以发动哪几种攻击吗?
(Nǐmen zhīdào hēikè kěyǐ fādòng nǎ jǐ zhǒng gōngjī ma?)
→ Do you know which types of attacks hackers can launch?
-
对了 (duì le)
Meaning:
“Oh, by the way” / “That’s right” – used to introduce new topics or confirm correctness.
Usage 1: Introduce a New Topic or Reminder
Structure:
对了 + [New topic or reminder]
Dialogue-Based Example:
- 对了,明天你们要去公司的数据中心参观。
(Duì le, míngtiān nǐmen yào qù gōngsī de shùjù zhōngxīn cānguān.)
→ Oh, by the way, tomorrow you are going to visit the company’s data center.
Usage 2: Confirm Something is Correct
- A: exe 文件可能带病毒,对吗?
- B: 对了,一般来说是的。
(Duì le, yìbān lái shuō shì de.)
→ That’s right. Generally speaking, yes.
Grammar Exercise
Multiple choice. Choose one from given choice to answer the question.
Drag the word to the correct box.
Translation Exercise
1. 你知道黑客可以发动哪几种攻击吗?
2. 对了,明天你们要去公司的数据中心参观。
3. 我们需要先知道网络安全的威胁和攻击有哪几种。
4. 对了,exe 文件可能是带病毒的文件。
fāsòng; send
wénjiàn; file
èyì ruǎnjiàn; malware
mùmǎ; Trojan
shōu dào; receive
should; must
dǎkāi; open
ránhòu, after
yībān lái shuō; generally speaking
guǎnggào; advertisement
jiàndié ruǎnjiàn; spyware
lèsuǒ ruǎnjiàn; ransom ware
diàoyú shì gōngjí; phishing
shèhuì gōngchéng; social engineering
diànzǐ qīpiàn; spoofing
shuōmíng; description
duìle; yes
shùjù; data
zhōngxīn;center
cānguān; visit